Citation with stable link: Philip A. Harland, 'Babylonian diasporas: Hippolytos and Epiphanios on legends of migration from Babel (third-fourth centuries CE),' Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World, last modified April 1, 2024, https://philipharland.com/Blog/?p=19472.
Ancient authors: Hippolytos (early third century CE), Chronicle 44-201 (234/235 CE), following manuscript H1 with some parenthetical additions from H2 (link to Greek); Epiphanios (late fourth century CE), Ancoratus 112-114 (link to Greek).
Comments: These somewhat monotonous expansions of the so-called “table of nations” in Genesis 10 clearly demonstrate a high level of interest in ethnographic and migratory matters by Jesus adherents like Hippolytos of Rome in the early third century CE and Epiphanios of Salamis in the later fourth century. Like Josephos some centuries earlier (link), both of these authors aim to account for the entire scope of peoples that were dispersed throughout the world after the tower of Babel (hence the title of this post on Babylonian diasporas). They trace the origins of virtually every contemporary people group back to the sons of Noah. The result is an extensive list of peoples known (at least in theory) to Hippolytos and Epiphanios. In the process, these authors are claiming Israelite writings such as the books of Moses as authoritative ethnographic sources.
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Hippolytos of Rome (234/235 CE)
[Division of the earth among the three sons of Noah, expanding on Genesis 10]
[Omitted previous sections outlining how long descendants of Adam lived] . . .
(44-55) The division of the earth.
The division of the earth among the three sons of Noah after the flood happened as follows to Shem, Ham, and Japheth. The tribes (phylai) of the three brothers were divided. To Shem the firstborn was given in length from Persia and Baktria to India, and in width from India to the Rhinokourourians, Ham the second son from the Rhinokourourians to the south of the Gadeirians [Cadiz], Japheth the third son, from Media to the north of the Gadeirians. Japheth has the river Tigris which divides Media and Babylonia, Ham has the river Gihon which is called the Nile [which streams with gold] Shem has [two rivers] the Euphrates [and the Pishon].
The languages were confused after the flood was on the earth. Now the languages which were confused were seventy-two and those who built the tower were seventy peoples (ethnē), who by their languages were divided upon the face of the earth. Nimrod the giant, the son of Kush the Ethiopian, hunted to get food for them, providing animals to eat. The names of the seventy are these:
[1. Peoples descended from Japheth]
(56-91) The sons of Japheth the third son of Noah: Gomer from whom are the Cappadocians. Magog from whom are the Celts and Galatians. Madai from whom are the Medes. Javan from whom are the Greeks and Ionians. Tubal from whom are the Thessalians. Meschech from whom are the Illyrians. Tiras from whom are the Thracians. Kittim from whom are the Macedonians.
The sons of Gomer the son of Japheth, the son of Noah: Ashkenaz from whom are the Sarmatians. Riphath (?) from whom are the Rhodians. Togarmah from whom are the Armenians.
The sons of Javan the son of Japheth the son of Noah: Elisa from whom are the Sicilians. Tarshish from whom are the Iberians and the Tyrrhenians. The Kitians from whom are the Romans and the Latins.
These are all the sons of Japheth, the third son of Noah. From these were distributed the islands of the peoples, namely, the Cyprians who are from the Kitians, who are the sons of Japheth. Together there are fifteen peoples. We still find that those who are north of them are the same people as the Kitians. All the peoples among the Greeks descend from them, except for those who later settled there, such are the Saites who colonized the honoured Athens, the Thebans who are colonists of the Sidonians (who descend from Kadmos the son of Agenor), the Chalcedonians who are colonists of the Tyrrhenians, and whoever else migrated into Greece.
When looking to the north, these are the peoples of Japheth scattered from Media as far as the western Ocean: Medes, Albanians, Garganians, Errians, Armenians, Amazons, Kolians, Korzanians, Dennagenians, Cappadocians, Paphlagonians, Mariandynians, Tabarenians, Chalybians, Mossynοikians, Sarmatians, Sauromatians, Maiotians, Scythians, Crimeans, Thracians, Bastarnians, Illyrians, Macedonians, Greeks, Ligurians, Istrians, Venians, Daunians, Iapygians, Calabrians, Oscians, Latins (who are also Romans), Tyrrhenians, Gauls (who are also (?) Celts) Lygistinians, Celtiberians, Iberians, Gauls, Aquitanians, Illyricians, Basantians, Kyrtanians, Lusitanians, Vaccaeans, Conians, Britons who live on islands.
Those among them who know how to write are: Iberians, Latins (with the same letters that Romans use), Spaniards, Greeks, Medes, and Armenians.
This is their boundaries to the north from Media as far as the Gadeirans [modern Cadiz]; to the east from Potamis river as far as Mastousia to the west. These are the lands: Media, Albania, Amazonia, Armenia minor and major, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Galatia, Colchis, Indian Achaia [i.e. an eastern Achaia], Bosporos, Maitoia [area around the Sea of Azov], Derrhes, Sarmatia, Tauriana [Crimea], Bastarnis, Scythia, Thrace, Macedonia, Dalmatia, Molchis, Thessaly, Lokris, Boiotia, Aitolia, Attica, Achaia, Peloponessos, Akarnia, Epiros, Illyria, Lychnitis, Adria from which we get the Adriatic sea, Gaul, Etruria, Lusitania, Mesalia, Italy, Celtis, Spanogalia, Iberia, greater Spain. Together these are forty-one peoples. This is where the boundaries of Japheth end as far as the Britannic islands for all who view the north.
The islands common to them are these: Britannia, Sicily, Euboia, Rhodes, Chios, Lesbos, Kythera, Zakynthos, Kephallenia, Ithaka, Korkyra, the Kyklades, and a certain part of Asia which is called Ionia. And a river is within them the Tigris which marks off Media and Babylonia. These are the boundaries of Japheth, the third son of Noah.
[2. Peoples descended from Ham]
(92-157) The genealogy of Ham, second son of Noah.
The sons of Ham the second son of Noah: First was Kush, from whom are the Ethiopians, and Mizraim, from whom are the Egyptians. Phut, from whom are the Troglodytes. Canaan, from whom are the Africans and the Phoenicians.
These are the sons of Kush the Ethiopian, the son of Ham, the second son of Noah: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteka are the first Ethiopians according to their tribes.
The sons of Raamah the son of Kush the Ethiopian, the son of Ham, the second son of Noah: Sheba, Dedan, and Nimrod the giant, Ethiopian.
[H2: For it is written “Kush begot Nimrod the Ethiopian who was a giant who was a hunter, as Nimrod the giant who was a hunter. {Genesis 10:8}].
The ancestors of the Egyptians together with Mizraim, their father, are eight, for it says: Mizraim begot the Ludim, from whom are the Lydians; the Teneim, from whom are the Pamphylians, the Lehabim, from whom are the Libyans; the Naphtuhim, from whom are the Phygadians; the Pathrusim, from whom are the Lycians [H2 addition: and from whom are the Cretans and the Casluhites, from whom are the Lycians, from whom the Philistines originated]; the Philistines, from whom are the Phoenicians; and, the Caphtorim, from whom are the Cilicians.
The ancestors of the Canaanites come through Canaan their father, for it says: Canaan begot Sidon, the firstborn [H2 addition: from whom are the Sidonians]; Hittaios [H2 addition: from whom are the Jebusites]; Amoraios; Gergasaios; Hivaios; Arkaios, from whom are the Tripolites; Sinaios, from whom are the Orthosiasts; Aradios, from whom are the Aradians; Samaraios, from whom are the Zemerites (Samaritans); [H2 addition: Perrizaios, from whom are the Perrizites]; Hamathe, from whom are the Hamathites. This is their settlement from the Rhinokourourians to the Gadeirans [Cadiz] as one views the length from the south.
The peoples which were begotten from these: Ethiopians, Troglodytes, Angaians, Tagenians, Isakenians, Ichthyophagians (“Fish-eaters”), Hellanikians, Egyptians, Phoenicians, Libyans, Marmaridians, Carians, Psyllians, Mysians, Mosynians, [H2 addition: Phrygians], Makonians, Bithynians, Numidians, Lycians, Maryandynians, Pamphylians, [H2 addition: Mososynians], Pisidians, Augalians, Cilicians, Mauretanians, Cretans, Magartians, Numidians, [H2 addition: Macronians], and Nasamonians. They occupy the land from Egypt as far as the southern ocean..
Those among them who know how to write are as follows: Phoenicians, Egyptians, Pamphylians, and Phrygians.
These are the boundaries of Ham from the Rhinokourourians, marking Egypt, Syria, and Ethiopia as far as the Gadeirians [Cadiz] in length.
These are the names of the lands: Egypt with all the area around it; Ethiopia, which looks down upon India; the other Ethiopia, from which flows the Gihon, the river [H2 addition: of the Ethiopians] which is called the Nile; Erythra which looks over the east; the entire area around Thebes (Thebaid); Libya, extending as far as Korkyrene; Marmarika and all that is around it; Syrtis, which has three peoples, namely Nasamonians, Makians, and Tautameians; the other Libya which extends [H2 addition: from Leptis] as far as Syrtis Minor; Numidia; Massyris; Mauritania, which extends as far as the pillars of Herakles, which is opposite the Gadeirans.
These are the regions to the north [of Egypt and Libya] on the sea: Cilicia, Pamphylia, Pisidia, Mysia, Lygdonia, Phrygia, Kamelia, Lycia, Caria, Lydia, Troad, Aiolia, Bithynia (which was called Phyrgia in the old days).
These are the islands which are common to them: Korsyla, Lampedousa, Gozo, Malta, Kerkina. Meninx, Taurianis, Sardinia, Galate, Gorsyne, Crete, Gauloride, Thera, Karpathos, Astypalaia, Chios, Lesbos, Tenedos, Imbros, Iassos, Samos, Kos, Knidos, Nisyros, and Great Cyprus. Together these are twenty-five islands. These islands serve Ham and Japheth, the two sons of Noah. Ham has the river Gihon which is called the Nile, which encircles all of Egypt and Ethiopia. The mouth of the western sea divides between Ham and Japheth. This is the genealogy of Ham, [H2 addition: the second son of Noah].
[3. Peoples descended from Shem]
(158-197) The genealogy of Shem, the first born of Noah.
From Shem, the first born of Noah, there are twenty-five peoples, who live to the east: Elam, from whom are the Elamites; Ashur, from whom are the Assyrians; Arphaxad, from whom are the Chaldeans; Lud, from whom are the Alazonians; Phut, from whom are the Persians; Aram, from whom are the Aites, who are the sons of Aram the son of Shem the son of Noah; Uz and Hul, from whom are begotten the Lydians; Gether, from whom are the Gasphenians; Meshech, from whom are the Mosynians; Arphaxad begot Cainen, from whom are the Samites who are to the east; Cainan begot Shelah, from whom are begotten Salahites; Shelah begot Eber, from whom are begotten the Hebrews; Eber begot two sons, the first being Peleg, from whom are descended the family of Abraham, and Joktan his brother; Joktan begot Almodad, from whom were begotten the Indians; Sheleph, from whom are the Baktrians; Aram, from whom are the Arabians; Hadoram, from whom are the Carmelites; [H2 addition: Hadoram, from whom are the Mardians]; Uzal, from whom are the Arians; Abimael, from whom are the Hyrkanians; Dekla, from whom are the Gedrosians; Gebal, from whom are the Scythians; Sheba, from whom are the Alamosinians; [H2 addition: Ophir], from whom are the Hermaians; [H2 addition: Havilah], from whom are the Gymnosophists. All these are descended from Shem the firstborn of Noah.
The settlement of all the sons of Shem are from Baktria as far as theRhinokourourians, which divides Syria and Egypt and divides the Erythraian sea from the mouth of the sea at Indian Arsinoe.
These peoples are from them. The Hebrews and Judeans, Persians, Medes, Paionians, Arians, [H2 addition: Assyrians], Hyrkanians, Indians, Magardians, Parthians, Germans, Elymaians, Kossaians; first Arabians who are called Gedrosians, those who are called second Arabians, [H2 addition: Scythians from inner Heliopolis, Gymnosophists. Their settlement stretches from Heliopolis as far as the Rhinokourourians and Cilicia.
Those among them who know how to write are: Hebrews who are the Judeans, Persians, Medes Chaldeans, Indians, and Assyrians.
The names of the lands of the sons of Shem are these: Persia with the peoples which lie in it, Baktria, Hyrkania, Babylonia, Kordylia, Assyria, Mesopotamia, Arabia the old, Elymais, India, Arabia Felix, [H2 addition: Coele Syria, Commagene, and Phoenicia which belong to the sons of Shem.]
The settlement of the sons of Shem, the firstborn son of Noah, is from India to the Rhinokourourians in length and from Persia and Baktria to India in width. [H2 addition: The settlement of Ham, the second son of Noah, is from the Rhinokourourians which divides Syria and Egypt and Ethiopia to the Gadeirans. The settlement of Japheth, the third son of Noah, is from Media to the Gadeirans and the parts north and the common islands.]
[Seventy-two peoples in total]
(198-201) All the tribes (phylai) from the three sons of Noah together are seventy-two.
The peoples (ethnē), which the Lord God dispersed across the face of the entire earth in the days of Peleg and Joktan, the two brothers, according to their own languages during the building of the tower, when their languages were confused, are these:
Hebrews who are also Judeans, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Medes, Persians, [H2 addition: the first and second kinds of Arabians], the first and second kinds of Midianites, Adiabenians, Taienians, Salamosenians, Saracens, Magians, Caspians, Albanians, the first and second kinds of Indians, the first and second kinds of Ethiopians, Egyptians and Thebans, [H2 addition: the first and second kinds of] Libyans, Hittites, Canaanites, Perrizites, Hivites, Amorites, Gergeshites, Jebusites, Idumeans, Samaritans, Phoenicians, Syrians, Cilicians who are also Tarshishians, Cappadocians, Armenians, Iberians, Bibranians, Scythians, Colchians, Saunians, Bosporians, Asians, Isaurians, Lykaonians, Pisidians, Galatians, [H2 addition: Paphlagonians, Phrygians], Greeks who are also Achaians, Thessalians, Macedonians, Thracians, Mysians, Bessians, Dardanians, Sarmatians, Germans, Pannonians who are also Paionians, Norikians, Dalmatians, Romans who are also Latins and Kitians, Ligurians, Gauls who are also Celts, Aquitanians, Britons, Spaniards and Tyrrhenians, Mauritanians, Makouakians, Gaitulians, Africans, Mazikians, outer Taramantians, Sporadians, Keltionians, and inner Taramantians. These are the peoples, which the Lord God dispersed across the face of the entire earth, according to their own languages, into their tribes and into their lands and into their cities.
[Outline of colonies]
I thought it was essential to show you the colonies (apoikiai) of these unknown peoples (ethnē) and their names as well as their locations, and to show you how they live and what people is next to what other peoples, so you would not be ignorant of them either.
I will begin to map them out from the east to the west:
[Persians and Medes]
The colonists (apoikoi) of the Persians and the Medes became Parthians and the peoples around Iran all the way to Coele-Syria. The colonists of the Arabians became the inhabitants of Arabia Felix, because Arabia is called by this name, “Fortunate.” The colonists of the Chaldeans became the Mesopotamians. The colonists of the Midianites became the Kinaidokolpites, [H2 addition: Troglodytes], and Ichthyophagians (“Fish-eaters”).
[Greeks]
The peoples and the names of the Greeks are five: Ionians, Arkadians, Boiotians, Aiolians, and Lakonians. The colonists of these became Pontians, Bithynians, Trojans, Asians, Carians, Lycians, Pamphylians, and Cyrenians. Most of the islands which are called Kyklades, which are eleven islands encompassed by the Myrtoan sea, are:Andros, Tenos, Teos, Naxos, Keos, Kouros, Delos, Siphnos, Nerea, Kyrnos, Marathon. Among these there are twelve other larger islands, which also have many cities which are called Sporades, which the Greeks colonized. These are them Euboea, Crete, Sicily, Cyprus, Cos, Samos, Rhodes, Chios, Thasos, Lemnos, Lesbos, Samothrace [H2 addition: all together there are eleven]. Therefore Euboia is from the Boiotians, just as the sixteen Ionian city names are from the Ionians, which are: Klazomenai, Mitylene, Phokaia, Priene, Erythrai, Samos, Teos, Kolophon, Chios, Ephesos, Smyrna, Perinthos, Byzantion, Chalkedon, Pontos, Amisos which is free [H2 addition: all together there are sixteen].
[Romans and Kitians]
The peoples and colonists of the Romans and Kitians [H2 addition: also called Latins] are seven: [H2 addition: Tuscians,] Haimelisians, Sicanians, Campanians, Apoulousians, Calabrians, and Lucanians.
[African peoples]
The peoples and colonists of the Africans are five: Neblenians, Knithians, Numidians, Saians, and Nasamonians. They have five islands which have cities: Sardinia, Korsika, Girba, Kerkina, and Galate. The Mauritanian peoples and colonists are three: Mossulamians, Tingitanians, and Caesarensians.
[Spaniards and Tyrrhenians]
The peoples and colonists of the Spaniards and Tyrrhenians, which are called Tarrakonensians, are five: Lusitanians, Baitikans, Autrigonians, Vasconians, and Gallaikians who are called Αsporians.
[Gauls, Germans, and Sarmatians]
The peoples and colonists of the Gauls, who are called Narbonensians, are four: Lugdunians, Belsikians, Sicanians, Ednians. The peoples and colonists of the Germans are five: Marcomannians, Bardulians, Quadians, Berdelians, Hermondoulians. The peoples and colonists of the Sarmatians are two: Hamaxobians and Grikosarmatians.
These are the peoples and their colonists. I thought it was essential for me to show you the regions of the unknown peoples and the names of their mountains and notable rivers which empty into the sea [omitted sections here], so that you may not be ignorant of these things.
[Location of peoples in relation to other peoples]
So I will begin to speak concerning the locations where the unknown peoples live, from the east to the west: Adiabenians across from the Arabians, Taienians opposite them, Alamosinians [H2 addition: across from the Arabians, Sakkenians] across from the Taienians, and Albanians across from the Caspian gates. Greater Midianities, who were attacked by Moses, live on this side of the Erythraian sea because the lesser Midianites are across the Erythraian sea, where Reuel and Jethro the father-in-law of Moses reigned. On the other side of Cappadocia on the right side live the Armenians, Iberians [i.e. Asian Iberians], and Beranians, on the left side live Scythians, Colchians, and Bosporians. Saunians who are called Sanigae who reach to Pontos [Black Sea] near the location of the fort Apsaros, [H2 addition: Sebastopolis], the harbour of Hyssos, and Phasis River. These peoples dwell and reach to Trapezos. . . [omitted remainder documenting geographical features, providing a circumnavigation of the Mediterranean sea, and calculating dates].
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Epiphanios (373-374 CE)
[Dividing the world among the three sons of Noah]
(112) Everyone knows that righteous Noah became the remnant of the world after the flood. With Noah and his three sons left remaining, Noah – being righteous and wanting to make his children pious so that they would not experience the same evils as also those in the flood – was teaching these men piety not only through words but also by having each of them take an oath that they would have goodwill towards their brothers. He distributed the inheritance of the world, having established the entire world under God to his three sons and dividing by inheritances and portioning out each part according to an inheritance for each. Shem, the firstborn, was granted an inheritance the length from Persian and Baktrian country to Indian country [i.e. north to south] and the width from the Indian country to the country of the Rhinokourourians [i.e. east to west]. The country of the Rhinokourourians itself lies in the middle of Egypt and Palestine, opposite the Erythraian sea. Ham, the second son, was granted an inheritance from the same land of the Rhinokourourians up to the land of the Gadeirians to the south. Japheth, the third son, was granted an inheritance from Media up to the country of Gadeirians and the Rhinokourourians to the north.
[Peoples descending from each of the three sons]
(113) Shem had children and twenty-five grandchildren by the time the languages were divided. They have been dispersed around into languages, tribes (phylai), and kingdoms. Their names are as follows: Elymaians, Paionians, Lazonians, Kossaians, Gasphenians, Indians, Syrians, Arabians (also the Taianians), Arians, Mardians, Hyrkanians, Magusaeans (Magousaioi), Troglodytes, Assyrians, Germans, Lydians, Mesopotamians, Hebrews, Koilenians, Baktrians, Adiabenians, Kameians, Saracens, Scythians, Chionians, Gymnosophists, Chaldeans, Parthians, Eetaians, Kordylenians, Massunians, Phoenicians, Madienaians, Commagenians, Dardanians, Elamasenians, Kedrousians, Elamites, Armenians, Cilicians, Cappadocians, Pontikians, Bionians, Chalybians, Lazians, and Iberians.
Ham, the second son, had children and thirty-two grandchildren by the time the languages were divided: Ethiopians, Troglodytes, Aggaians, Taienians, Sabinians, Ichthyphagians (“Fish-eaters”), Hellanikians, Egyptians, Phoenicians, Marmaridians, Carians, Psyllitians, Mossynoikians, Phrygians, Makonians, Makronians, Syrtitians, Leptimagnitians, Bithynians, Numidians, Lycians, Mariandenians, Pamphylians, Moschesidians, Pisidians, Augalaians, Cilicians, Maurousians, Cretans, Magardians, Numidians, Africans along with the Bizakenians, Nasamonians, Phasgenians, Mazikians, Garamians, Getulians, Blemmyians, Axumites. These men control the territory from Egypt up to the Ocean. Their islands are: Koursoula, Lopadousa, Gaulos, Ride Melite, Korkyra, Mene, Sardanis, Gortuna, Crete, Glaukos, Ride Thera, Karianthos, Astypalaia, Chios, Lesbos, Tenedos, Imbros, Iasos, Samos, Kos, Knidos, Nisyros, Megiste, and Cyprus.
Japheth, the third son, had children and fifteen grandchildrenen, by the time the languages were divided: Medes, Albanians, Gargianians, Armenians, Arraians, Amazons, Kolians, Korzenians, Beneagenians, Cappadocians, Galatians, Paphlagonians, Mariandenians, Tibarenians, Chalybians, Mossynoikians, Kolchians, Melagchenians, Sarmatians, Germans, Maiotians, Scythians, Taurians, Thracians, Basternians, Illyrians, Macedonians, Greeks, Libyans, Phrygians, Pannonians, Istrians, Vennians, Daunians, Iapygians, Calabrians, Hippikians, Latins (also Romans), Tyrrhenians, Gauls (also Celts), Ligurians, Celtiberians, Iberians, Gauls, Aquitanians, Illyrians, Basantians, Kannians, Kartanians, Lusitanians, Vaccaeans, Britons, Skotians, and Spaniards. Their islands are: Britannia, Sicily, Euboia, Rhodes, Chios, Lesbos, Kythera, Zakynthos, Kephallenia, Ithaka, Korkyra, and Cyprus.
Let no one wonder about or doubt the cases where a name of a people or an island has been mentioned twice, in other words, mentioned in an inheritance of one and then again of another, since this pertains to common territories or settlements which on some occasions came to be an acquisition of Ham, who claimed more and took a part of Shem’s inheritance.
[Oath against encroachment and punishment of Canaan]
(114) Well then, when these peoples (ethnē) had come from the three sons of Noah, and when the world had been divided into three for the three sons, as I stated above, their father required them to take an oath that no one would encroach on the inheritance of his brother. (2) They said in the oath that anyone who transgresses the command of the oath and all his offspring are to be completely destroyed. So when Palestine and all that is near it came into the share of Shem, Canaan the son of Ham, who was greedy, later attacked the land of the Palestinians, which is Judea, and was snatching it away. God was patient, giving time for repentance, in order that descendants of Ham might repent and give back to the people of Shem their own portion of land. However, those people were not repenting but were wanting to fill up their measure. Then God, who is just, after many subsequent generations, avenged the violation of the oath. For in this way it was necessary for the measure of the Amorites be paid in full. For Shem begets Arpachshad, Ham begets Canaan, and Canaan begets – in pursuit of greed – the Amorite, Girgashite, Pherezaion, Euaion, Aroukaion, Aradion and Sidonian peoples.
Therefore, the generations up to the avenging of Shem are accounted in this way. Shem, the one who was defrauded, begets Arpachshad, as we said. Arpachshad begets Cainan, Cainan be gets Shelah, Shelah begets Eber, and the building of the tower takes place. Eber begets Peleg, and the division of the earth and of languages takes place. Peleg begets Reu, Reu begets Serug, Serug begets Nahor, Nahor begets Terah, Terah begets Abraham, Abraham begets Isaac, Isaac begets Jacob, who is the one named Israel and from whom the Israelites descend. Jacob begets Judah, Judah begets Perez, Perez begets Hezron, Hezron begets Aram, Aram begets Aminadab, Aminadab begets Nahshon, and Nahshon begets Salmon. This is the lineage of those who have been born from Shem.
So God avenged these men, who were wronged by the sons of Ham and deprived of their own place, by having utterly destroyed those of Canaan in keeping with the oath, and the descendants of Shem recover their own land. So God did not do wrong, portioning out just things to each share. “For God is not mocked,” as I said before.
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Source of translations: Translations by Harland in consultation with T.C. Schmidt and N. Nicholas, Chronicon of Hippolytus, 2010 (link), and Y.R. Kim, St. Epiphanius of Cyprus: Ancoratus (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2014).