Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland

Portal to my podcast, websites, blog, and publications, providing an entryway into social and cultural life anong Greeks, Romans, Judeans, Christians, and others in ancient Mediterranean. Ethnicity, Diaspora, and relations among ethnic and minority groups is a focus.

Category Archives: Spartans (in Greece)

Cretans, Spartans, Carthaginians, and Romans: Polybios on superior and inferior societal organization (second century BCE)

Cretans: Ephoros on civic organization and customs (mid-fourth century BCE)

Egyptians: Herodotos on customs and legendary kings (fifth century BCE)

Europeans, Asians, and Greeks: Aristotle on environment, ethnic hierarchies, and slaves (fourth century BCE)

Germans and Scythians: Seneca on enduring hardships and on anger (first century CE)