Category Archives: (14) Contributors (beyond Harland)

Arabians: Herodotos on deities and lifestyle (late fifth century BCE)

Arabians: Pseudo-Nilus on barbarian bandits and Saracens in the Sinai desert (early fifth century CE)

Armenians / Parthians: Statue of the client king Tiridates I in the Louvre (66 CE)

Babylonians and Assyrians: Herodotos on legendary queens and outstanding customs (mid-fifth century BCE)

Barbarian wisdom: The Thunder, Perfect Mind (before the fourth century CE)

Barbarians: Modern colonial repurposing of images of captives

Britons, Armenians, Bessians, and others: Reliefs of subjugated peoples at Aphrodisias (first century CE)

Celts: Diodoros on Galatian origins, “savage” customs and invasions of Italy and Greece (mid-first century BCE)

Christians, Judeans, and Greeks: Christians as a descent group in the Epistle to Diognetos (second or third century CE)

Cilicians: Plutarch on foreign “pirates” threatening Roman ways (early-second century CE)

Cretans: Stereotypes in the letter to Titus (early second century CE)

Egyptians, Chaldeans, and Phoenicians: Julius Africanus on competitive chronologies (ca. 222 CE)

Egyptians, Phrygians, Assyrians and Persians: Firmicus Maternus on impious customs (mid-fourth century CE)

Ethiopians and Arabians: Nonnosos on Saracens and on a hairy people (sixth century CE)

Ethiopians, Nubians, and Egyptians: Christian authors picturing darker-skinned peoples as “demons” (second century CE on)

Ethiopians: Herodotos on southern peoples at the ends of the earth (mid-fifth century BCE)

Ethiopians: Palladios and others on Abba Moses the former bandit with darker skin (fourth-fifth centuries CE)

Gauls and Germans: Scenes from the Triumphal Arch of Orange (late first century BCE)

Indians: Herodotos on eastern peoples at the ends of the earth (mid-fifth century BCE)

Judeans and others: The Gospel of Philip (before the fourth century CE)

Judeans: Ignatius on Judaizing and Christianizing (early second century CE)

Libyans / Africans: Ancient and modern composite statue of “The Moor”

Libyans: Herodotos on customs and colonization (fifth century BCE)

Ligurians: Diodoros on their harsh environment, hard work and noble spirit (mid-first century BCE)

Lydians: Herodotos on king Croesus and Lydian customs (mid-fifth century BCE)

Parthians, Celts and Iberians or Germans: Scenes on the breastplate of the “Augustus of Prima Porta” (early first century CE)

Parthians, Libyans, Egyptians and others: Acts of the Apostles on legends of Judean migration (early second century CE)

Parthians: Scenes from the Arch of Septimius Severus (early third century CE)

Persians and Medes: Herodotos on customs (mid-fifth century BCE)

Persians: Plato on Persian decline into effeminacy and tyranny (early fourth century BCE)

Phoenicians: Gospel of Mark on Jesus and a Syro-Phoenician woman (late first century CE)

Samaritans and Judeans: Belonging to Israel in the Gospels (first century CE)

Scythians and barbarians: Colossians and others on ritual recitations (late first or early second century CE)

Scythians and other Pontic peoples: Herodotos on the “most ignorant peoples of all” (fifth century BCE)

Scythians, barbarians, Greeks, and others: Epiphanios of Salamis on Scythianism as heresy (fourth century CE)

Thracians, Getians, Paionians, and others: Herodotos (mid-fifth century BCE)